Garmin GPS 650 Manual

The Garmin GPS 650 is a high-precision aviation GPS navigator designed for general aviation aircraft. It features a sunlight-readable display, integrated WAAS/EGNOS/SBAS capability, terrain and obstacle alerts, traffic information display (when connected), Jeppesen database compatibility, and supports approaches with LPV, LNAV/VNAV, and circling minima. Below are key sections for safety, features, installation, setup, operation, and troubleshooting.

Features at a Glance

Key components: High-resolution display, dedicated knobs for frequency and course selection, integrated GPS/GLONASS receiver, external antenna port, multiple data ports.

Feature	Description
Display	Sunlight-readable, 6.5-inch diagonal color LCD
Receiver	Integrated WAAS/EGNOS/SBAS GPS/GLONASS
Database	Preloaded with Jeppesen NavData (subscription required for updates)
Approach Capability	Supports LPV, LNAV/VNAV, LP, LNAV, and circling approaches
Terrain & Obstacle	Integrated TAWS-B terrain and obstacle alerting
Traffic	Supports display of TIS, TAS, and ADS-B traffic (with compatible equipment)
Audio Panel Interface	Integrated audio interface for COM radio and intercom
External Ports	Multiple serial, ARINC 429, and analog inputs/outputs
Power Input	10-32 VDC aircraft power
Mounting	Standard 3.125-inch instrument hole (optional tray)

Installation

Unpack and inspect contents. Ensure aircraft power is OFF.

1. Mounting: Install in approved instrument panel location using provided hardware and tray.
2. Antenna: Connect external GPS antenna to ANTENNA port. Ensure proper grounding.
3. Power: Connect red wire to aircraft bus (+), black wire to ground (-).
4. Avionics Interface: Connect serial/ARINC ports to compatible NAV/COM radios, transponder, autopilot, etc.
5. Audio: Connect audio lines to aircraft audio panel or intercom.

WARNING! Installation must be performed by a qualified avionics technician. Ensure proper bonding and shielding.

First-Time Setup

Apply aircraft power; follow on-screen prompts.

1. Initialization: Unit will perform self-test and acquire satellite signal (may take several minutes).
2. Database Activation: Enter Jeppesen data card or subscription key if prompted.
3. Configuration: Set aircraft type, units (nm/ft, km/m), time format, and navigation preferences.
4. Sensor Setup: Calibrate magnetometer (if installed) and configure connected sensors (ADC, AHRS).
5. System Alerts: Review and acknowledge terrain, obstacle, and traffic alert settings.

CAUTION! Do not attempt configuration during critical phases of flight. Verify all settings on the ground.

Specifications

• Display: 6.5-inch diagonal, 800 x 480 pixels, color LCD.
• GPS Receiver: WAAS/EGNOS/SBAS enabled, GPS/GLONASS, 10 Hz update.
• Approach Minima: LPV down to 200 ft HAT.
• Database: Jeppesen NavData (airports, navaids, procedures, obstacles).
• Terrain: TAWS-B with color-coded terrain awareness.
• Power: 10-32 VDC, 1.5 A max.
• Operating Temp: -20°C to +55°C.
• Dimensions: 3.125-inch diameter, depth as per installation tray.
• Weight: Approximately 1.5 lbs (0.68 kg).
• Certification: TSO-C146a, TSO-C151b, RTCA DO-229D.

Controls and Settings

Primary interface via concentric knobs and soft keys.

Front Panel: Large outer knob (cursor/pages), inner knob (data entry), FMS/CLR, ENT, Direct-to, Menu, and soft keys (F1-F5).

Pages: NAV Map, Waypoint Information, Nearest Airports, Flight Plan, Auxiliary (System Setup, Sensor Status, Traffic, Terrain).

Settings Menu: Navigation (CDI scale, approach sensitivity), Display (brightness, color themes), System (database, sensor configuration, software version), Alerts (terrain, traffic, obstacle settings).

Connecting Devices

Supports interface with modern avionics.

1. Ensure aircraft power is OFF before making connections.
2. Use shielded cables for all data and audio connections.
3. Configure serial ports in System Setup menu for each connected device (e.g., COM1: 9600 baud, Garmin format).
4. Common connections: NAV/COM radio (for frequency tuning), Autopilot (for navigation steering), Transponder/ADS-B In (for traffic), Audio Panel (for audio alerts).

Tip: Refer to the Garmin GNS 650 Installation Manual for detailed pinouts and configuration settings.

Database Management

Uses Jeppesen NavData. Subscription required for updates.

1. Update Cycle: Databases expire every 28 days. Plan updates accordingly.
2. Update Methods: Via Jeppesen data card (inserted in front slot) or via PC using Garmin aviation database manager and a compatible SD card.
3. Loading: Power unit ON with card inserted. Follow prompts to load new database.
4. Verification: After loading, verify database effective date on AUX > Status page.

WARNING! Do not remove data card or power off the unit during a database load. Navigation with an expired database is prohibited for IFR operations.

Flight Planning

Create and activate flight plans for navigation.

1. Direct-to: Press D-> key, enter identifier, press ENT.
2. Flight Plan: Press FPL key, create new or select stored plan. Add waypoints by identifier.
3. Procedures: From airport waypoint page, select DEP/ARR to load SIDs, STARs, and approaches.
4. Activation: Press PROC key to activate a loaded approach or departure.
5. Vectors-to-Final: Allows activation of an approach after being vectored.

CAUTION! Always cross-check cleared procedures against paper or electronic charts. The pilot is responsible for navigation.

Care & Cleaning

Ensure unit is powered off and cooled. Use a soft, lint-free cloth slightly dampened with water to clean the display and bezel. Do not use chemical cleaners, aerosols, or abrasives.

CAUTION! Do not allow moisture to enter any openings. Keep vents clear of obstructions.

Regulatory Information

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not cause harmful interference. This equipment is certified for use under TSO-C146a (Stand-Alone GPS Sensors) and TSO-C151b (Terrain Awareness and Warning Systems). Copyright © Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. Jeppesen data provided under license. For support, visit fly.garmin.com or contact Garmin Aviation Support.

Troubleshooting

Symptom	Possible Cause	Corrective Action
No Power	Power connection/aircraft bus	Check aircraft master and avionics bus power; verify wiring and fuses.
"GPS Navigation Lost"	Antenna/satellite acquisition	Check antenna connection; ensure clear view of sky; allow time for acquisition.
Database Not Loading	Data card/format	Ensure card is properly inserted; format card per manual; use correct update file.
No Communication with NAV/COM	Serial port configuration	Verify wiring; check baud rate and data format settings in System Setup.
Inaccurate Track/Terrain Alerts	Sensor calibration	Perform magnetometer calibration on ground; verify AHRS/ADC alignment.

Reset: System Setup > Default Settings (use caution).

Service: Contact an authorized Garmin dealer or Garmin Aviation Product Support. Do not attempt internal repairs.