Garmin GPS 18x PC Manual

The Garmin GPS 18x PC is a high-sensitivity, waterproof GPS sensor designed for use with personal computers and other compatible devices. It features a built-in patch antenna, NMEA 0183 and Garmin serial data output protocols, and provides reliable position, velocity, and time data for navigation, mapping, and timing applications. Below are key sections for overview, installation, configuration, operation, specifications, and troubleshooting.

1. Product Overview 2. Package Contents 3. Hardware Installation 4. Software & Driver Setup 5. Configuration & Settings 6. Connecting to Applications 7. NMEA Data Output 8. Technical Specifications 9. Care & Maintenance 10. Regulatory Information 11. Troubleshooting

Product Overview

Key components: GPS 18x sensor unit, DB-9 serial cable, mounting bracket, power/data cable, documentation.

FeatureDescription
GPS ReceiverHigh-sensitivity, 12-channel WAAS-enabled
Output ProtocolsNMEA 0183 v3.01, Garmin serial (binary)
InterfaceRS-232 serial (DB-9 connector)
Power Supply6–40 VDC, 45 mA typical
AntennaBuilt-in patch antenna with MCX connector for external antenna
Waterproof RatingIPX7 (submersible 1 meter for 30 minutes)
Operating Temp-15° to 70° C (5° to 158° F)
LED IndicatorRed/Green status LED
MountingIncludes bracket for permanent installation
Dimensions2.3" x 2.3" x 0.9" (58 x 58 x 23 mm)

Package Contents

Unpack and verify all items are present.

  1. GPS 18x sensor unit.
  2. DB-9 serial cable (9-pin).
  3. Power/data cable with bare wire ends.
  4. Mounting bracket with hardware.
  5. Quick start guide.
  6. Regulatory and safety information.

NOTE: Contact your dealer if any items are missing or damaged.

Hardware Installation

Install the GPS 18x in a location with clear view of sky.

  1. Mounting: Use provided bracket to mount unit horizontally. Ensure GPS logo faces upward.
  2. Power Connection: Connect red wire to 6–40 VDC positive, black wire to ground.
  3. Serial Connection: Connect DB-9 cable to COM port on PC or compatible device.
  4. External Antenna (optional): Connect external active antenna to MCX connector if needed.

WARNING! Ensure power is off during installation. Use proper wire gauges and secure connections.

Software & Driver Setup

Configure PC software to communicate with GPS 18x.

  1. Install compatible mapping/navigation software (e.g., Garmin MapSource, third-party applications).
  2. Set serial port parameters: 4800 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit (default for NMEA).
  3. Select correct COM port in software settings.
  4. For Garmin binary mode, use 9600 baud (selectable via commands).

Tip: Check Device Manager in Windows to confirm COM port number.

Configuration & Settings

Adjust settings using terminal software or Garmin configuration utilities.

LED Indicators: Red = power on, no fix; Green blinking = tracking satellites; Green solid = valid fix.

Output Rate: Default 1 Hz. Can be increased via proprietary commands.

Data Sentences: Default NMEA output includes GGA, GSA, GSV, RMC. Configure using PMTK commands.

Baud Rate: Change via PMTK251 command (e.g., 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400).

Factory Reset: Send PMTK314,-1 to restore defaults.

Connecting to Applications

Use with mapping, navigation, or data logging software.

  1. Ensure GPS has satellite fix (solid green LED).
  2. Open application, go to GPS settings.
  3. Select "NMEA 0183" or "Garmin" as GPS type.
  4. Choose correct COM port and baud rate.
  5. Start data stream; verify position display.

Common Software: Google Earth, GPSUtility, Virtual GPS, marine navigation programs.

NMEA Data Output

Standard NMEA sentences provided.

SentenceDescription
$GPGGAGlobal positioning system fix data
$GPGSAGPS DOP and active satellites
$GPGSVGPS satellites in view
$GPRMCRecommended minimum specific GPS/Transit data
$GPVTGCourse over ground and ground speed

Example: $GPRMC,123519,A,4807.038,N,01131.000,E,022.4,084.4,230394,003.1,W*6A

Technical Specifications

Care & Maintenance

Keep unit clean and dry. Use soft cloth for cleaning; do not use solvents.

Storage: Store in cool, dry place when not in use.

Antenna Care: Ensure MCX connector is clean and tight if using external antenna.

CAUTION! Do not disassemble unit. No user-serviceable parts inside.

Regulatory Information

FCC Compliance: This device complies with Part 15 of FCC Rules. Operation subject to conditions: (1) device may not cause harmful interference, (2) device must accept any interference received. CE: Complies with European EMC Directive. For full regulatory details, visit www.garmin.com/compliance.

Troubleshooting

SymptomPossible CauseCorrective Action
No power (LED off)Incorrect power connectionCheck polarity and voltage; ensure wires are secure.
Red LED on (no fix)Poor satellite viewMove unit to open sky location; wait up to 5 minutes.
No data outputIncorrect COM port/baud rateVerify port settings in software; try different baud rates.
Inaccurate positionMultipath or interferenceRelocate away from metal structures, electronic devices.
Intermittent dataLoose cable connectionCheck all connectors; reseat DB-9 and power cables.

Reset: Power cycle unit. For persistent issues, send factory reset command.

Support: Visit support.garmin.com or contact Garmin Product Support.

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